Herbert Spencer

Herbert Spencer illustrated the evolutionary shift from simple, undifferentiated homogeneity to complex, differentiated heterogeneity through the development of society. He formulated a theory distinguishing two types of society: the militant and the industrial, aligning with this evolutionary progression.

Neoclassicism places a significant focus on symmetry, which means that components in a work of art or architecture are evenly balanced, creating a sense of harmony and order. This emphasis on symmetry is rooted in the principles of classical antiquity, where the Greeks and Romans valued proportion and balance in their artistic expressions. In neoclassical art and architecture, symmetry is not merely a stylistic choice; it serves as a fundamental organizing principle that guides the composition of the piece.